John Locke约翰·洛克写作竞赛,2023备赛报名中!
John Locke 竞赛设有哲学、政治学、经济学、历史学、心理学、神学和法学7个学科,每个学科设置不同的问题,考核学生的独立思考能力、逻辑推理能力和批判性思维。
适合对象 任何国家和任何学校的学生均可参加,学生年龄为18岁(或者18岁以下),初中奖的候选人在截止日期前年龄不能超过14岁。 高年级组:提交论文时年满18岁及以下 低年级组:提交论文时年满14岁及以下
比赛时间 开启注册时间:2023 年 3 月 15 日 注册截止日期:2023 年 5 月 31 日 提交截止日期:2023 年 6 月 30 日 逾期报名截止时间:2023 年 7 月 10 日 通知入围候选人:2023 年 7 月 31 日 颁奖晚宴:2023 年 9 月
竞赛内容 每篇文章只能在所选主题类别中回答一个问题,可以提交多篇文章,但不得超过2000字(不包括图表、数据表、脚注、参考书目或作者声明)。通过John Locke的网站提交论文,以pdf格式保存。 比赛意在考察学生在不同学科领域内的基本知识结构、议论文的基本写作格式与技巧,独立思考能力以及清晰的逻辑辩证分析能力。 学生的文章会受到来自牛津大学的专家评审团的综合考量,以文章的前瞻性与可读性为指标进行评选出最好的一篇论文。
2023竞赛题目 今年竞赛所有组别的题目数量都有所下降, 低年级组别赛题从去年的 7 个题目减到了 5 个题目,高级组别各学科领域的赛题从 4 个题目减到了 3 个题目。
初中组题目 Q1. Is safety more important than fun? 安全比乐趣更重要吗? Q2. If you had $10 billion to spend on making the world better, how would you spend it? 如果你有100亿美元用于改善世界,你会怎么花? Q3. What, if anything, do your parents owe you? 如果存在什么东西,是你父母欠你的? Q4. What is something important, about which nearly everybody is wrong? 什么是重要的,但几乎每个人都错了? Q5. Why is John Locke sometimes called the father of liberalism? 为什么约翰·洛克有时被称为自由主义之父?
哲学 Philosophy Q1. A team of scientists wants to discover how many genders there are. How should they proceed? 一个科学家小组想探索他们有多少种性别,应该如何进行? Q2. In what sense are you the same person today that you were when you were ten? 从哪种意义上说,你今天和你十岁时是同一个人? Q3. Is tax theft? 税是不是偷窃的?
政治Politics Q1. Do the results of elections express the will of the people? 选举结果是否表达了人民的意愿? Q2. If China becomes the leading superpower, what would that mean for the people who live there? What would it mean for everyone else? 如果中国成为主要超级大国,这对生活在那里的人意味着什么?对其他人意味着什么? Q3. What might account for the different levels of political corruption in your own country and your country's nearest neighbour? 你的国家和近邻国家的政治腐败程度不同的原因是什么?
经济Economics Q1. A government funds its own expenditure by taxing its population. Suppose, instead, it relied solely on money newly created by the central bank? What would be the advantages and/or disadvantages? 政府通过对人口征税来资助自己的支出。相反,假设它仅仅依靠中央银行新创造的资金?优点和/或缺点是什么? Q2. In his thought experiment, the Iowa Car Crop, David Friedman tries to show that growing wheat is, in an important sense, just another 'technology' we can use for manufacturing cars, and in some circumstances a much more efficient one. David Friedman在他的思想实验《爱荷华州汽车作物》(Iowa Car Crop)中试图表明,从重要意义上讲,种植小麦只是我们可以用来制造汽车的另一种“技术”,在某些情况下,这是一种效率更高的技术。 If international trade is thus a way of using less valuable inputs to produce more valuable outputs, why would governments impose trade barriers such as tariffs and quotas, thereby forcing producers to be more wasteful and less efficient? 如果国际贸易因此是一种利用价值较低的投入生产更有价值的产出的方式,那么政府为什么会施加关税和配额等贸易壁垒,从而迫使生产者更加浪费和效率低下? Q3. What would happen if we banned billionaires? 如果我们禁止亿万富翁,会发生什么?
心理学Psychology Q1. Can happiness be measured? 幸福可以被衡量吗? Q2. In surveys conducted in the United States, significantly more than half the respondents reported that they believed themselves to be more attractive than the median person in their country. How might we account for this? 在美国进行的调查中,超过一半的受访者明显表示,他们认为自己比本国的中位人士更有吸引力。我们如何解释这一点? Q3. Are beliefs voluntary? 信仰是自愿的吗?
宗教Theology Q1. What distinguishes a small religion from a large cult? 小宗教与大宗教有什么区别? Q2. If you cannot persuade your intelligent, sympathetic friends to embrace your religious belief system, do you have enough reason to believe what you believe? 如果你不能说服你聪明、富有同情心的朋友接受你的宗教信仰体系,你有足够的理由相信你所相信的吗? Q3. What was God doing before He created the cosmos? 上帝在创造宇宙之前在做什么?
历史 History Q1. How much richer or poorer are the British today than they would have been without the effects of British colonialism? 现在的英国人比没有英国殖民主义影响的英国人富裕或贫穷多少? Q2. Which has a bigger effect on history: the plans of the powerful or their mistakes? 权贵的计划和他们的错误对历史影响更大? Q3. Which characteristics distinguish successful movements for social change from unsuccessful ones? 哪些特征将成功的社会变革运动与失败的社会变革区分开来?
法律Law Q1. Would justice be better served in the United States if more Supreme Court judges were women? 如果更多的最高法院法官是女性,美国的司法会更好吗? Q2. Suppose that you were contemplating, in violation of the rules of this competition, submitting an essay written for you by artificial intelligence. What would be the difference between such an act and ordinary attempted theft? 假设你正在考虑,违反了比赛规则提交一篇人工智能为你撰写的论文。这种行为和普通的盗窃未遂有什么区别? Q3. Are there too many laws? 现在法律制定太多了吗?
奖项设置 Winner Second Prize Third Prize High Commendations Shortlist 每个类别都有最佳论文奖。高年级组别的每个学科类别的获胜者和低年级组别的大奖获胜者可获得价值 2000 美元的奖学金,用于支付参加任何约翰洛克学院课程的学习费用。 颁奖典礼将在牛津举行,届时获奖者和亚军将能够与约翰洛克研究所的一些评委和其他教职员工会面。 所有作品的最佳论文的候选人将获得荣誉约翰洛克学院初级奖学金,该奖学金附带 10,000 美元的奖学金,可用于参加约翰洛克学院的一个或多个暑期学校和/或空档年课程。
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